Learner-friendly grammar

HSK 4 grammar guide

Start with these 4 high-utility patterns and use each one in listening, reading and your own sentences.

Pattern 1

不仅…而且…

不仅 + point A,而且 + point B

Use this pair to add a second, often stronger, piece of information.

这本书不仅有意思,而且很实用。

Zhè běn shū bùjǐn yǒuyìsi, érqiě hěn shíyòng.

This book is not only interesting but also practical.

这个办法不仅简单,而且有效。

Zhège bànfǎ bùjǐn jiǎndān, érqiě yǒuxiào.

This method is not only simple but also effective.

Common mistake: Keep parallel ideas on both sides of the pair.

Correct model: Keep both sides parallel: adjective with adjective or action with action.

Quick practice

  1. Write a new sentence following 不仅 + point A,而且 + point B.
  2. Rewrite the common mistake above, then compare your structure with the two model sentences.

Choose words from the HSK 4 vocabulary list →

Pattern 2

只要…就…

只要 + condition,就 + result

This pattern presents a sufficient condition: once it is met, the result can follow.

只要每天练习,就会慢慢进步。

Zhǐyào měitiān liànxí, jiù huì mànmàn jìnbù.

As long as you practise every day, you will gradually improve.

只要方向正确,就不怕走得慢。

Zhǐyào fāngxiàng zhèngquè, jiù bú pà zǒu de màn.

As long as the direction is right, slow progress is not a problem.

Common mistake: Do not confuse 只要 with 只有; 只有 introduces a necessary condition.

Correct model: Use 只要 for a sufficient condition; use 只有…才… for a necessary one.

Quick practice

  1. Write a new sentence following 只要 + condition,就 + result.
  2. Rewrite the common mistake above, then compare your structure with the two model sentences.

Choose words from the HSK 4 vocabulary list →

Pattern 3

即使…也…

即使 + hypothetical condition,也 + unchanged result

Use 即使…也… when the main result remains true despite a hypothetical obstacle.

即使下雨,我们也要出发。

Jíshǐ xiàyǔ, wǒmen yě yào chūfā.

Even if it rains, we will still set off.

即使没人提醒,他也会按时完成。

Jíshǐ méi rén tíxǐng, tā yě huì ànshí wánchéng.

Even if nobody reminds him, he will finish on time.

Common mistake: The second clause normally includes 也 to show that the result does not change.

Correct model: Include 也 in the result clause.

Quick practice

  1. Write a new sentence following 即使 + hypothetical condition,也 + unchanged result.
  2. Rewrite the common mistake above, then compare your structure with the two model sentences.

Choose words from the HSK 4 vocabulary list →

Pattern 4

Verb + 起来

verb/adjective + 起来

起来 can mark the beginning of a change or introduce an impression based on perception.

天气渐渐暖和起来了。

Tiānqì jiànjiàn nuǎnhuo qǐlái le.

The weather has gradually started to warm up.

这件衣服看起来很适合你。

Zhè jiàn yīfu kàn qǐlái hěn shìhé nǐ.

This item of clothing looks good on you.

Common mistake: Interpret 起来 from context; it does not always mean physical upward movement.

Correct model: Use context to distinguish a new change from an impression.

Quick practice

  1. Write a new sentence following verb/adjective + 起来.
  2. Rewrite the common mistake above, then compare your structure with the two model sentences.

Choose words from the HSK 4 vocabulary list →